ScienceIQ.com

What Is Botulism?

Botulism is a rare but serious paralytic illness caused by a nerve toxin that is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. There are three main kinds of botulism. Foodborne botulism is caused by eating foods that contain the botulism toxin. Wound botulism is caused by toxin produced from a wound infected with Clostridium botulinum. Infant ...

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WhatIsBotulism
Biology

Wise As An Owl

Are owls the smartest birds? According to trainers that work with them, not by a long shot. Parrots are easy to train and can have extensive vocabularies. Hawks can be taught to retrieve objects. Even ... Continue reading

WiseAsAnOwl
Medicine

What Is a Spinal Cord Injury?

Although the hard bones of the spinal column protect the soft tissues of the spinal cord, vertebrae can still be broken or dislocated in a variety of ways and cause traumatic injury to the spinal ... Continue reading

WhatIsaSpinalCordInjury
Geology

A River of Sand

Next time you're at the beach or in the desert, climb a sand dune in bare feet on a windy day. Stand still in various places on the gently sloping windward side. Watch how wind-driven sand grains ... Continue reading

RiverOfSand
Engineering

What Are Composite Materials?

A composite material is one in which two or more separate materials have been combined to make a single construct having more desirable properties. What many people don't realize is that composites ... Continue reading

CompositeMaterials

Are Bees Physicists?

BeesPhysicsFar-reaching research, and research that promises to join mathematics and biology, has been conducted by a mathematician at the University of Rochester, Barbara Shipman. She has described all the different forms of the honeybee dance using a single coherent mathematical or geometric structure (flag manifold). And interestingly, this structure is also the one that is used in the geometry of quarks, those tiny building blocks of protons and neutrons.

From this and technical evidence too complex to present for our purposes, Shipman speculates that the bees are sensitive to or interacting with quantum fields of quarks. Researchers have already established that bees are sensitive to the planet’s magnetic field, but they have always attributed it to the presence of a mineral in the bee’s abdomen. Shipman’s research indicates that the bees perceive these fields through some kind of quantum mechanical interaction between the quantum fields and the atoms in the membranes of certain cells.