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Right Ascension & Declination

Right Ascension (abbreviated R.A.) and Declination (abbreviated Dec) are a system of coordinates used by astronomers to keep track of where stars and galaxies are in the sky. They are similar to the system of 'longitude' and 'latitude' used on the Earth. Declination is measured in degrees, and refers to how far above the imaginary 'celestial ...

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RightAscensionDeclination
Medicine

Ultrasound In Medicine

In medical testing, ultrasound equipment is used to produce a sonogram, or a picture of organs inside the body. Ultrasound scanners do not use X-rays. They use waves of such high frequency that they ... Continue reading

UltrasoundInMedicine
Physics

How Lasers Work

Light is a fascinating thing. Or things, as the case may be. Electromagnetic energy that our eyes have developed to see, light has the same behavior and properties as all other electromagnetic ... Continue reading

HowLasersWork
Chemistry

Table Salt - It's All In The Ions

All elements are defined by their individual atoms, which are in turn identified by the number of protons in the nucleus of each atom. Since protons are carriers of positive electrical charge, there ... Continue reading

TableSaltItsAllInTheIons
Geology

Antarctica and Climate Change

Because of its influence on world weather and climate patterns, Antarctica lies at the heart of the debate on climate change and has become the premier location in which to study the effects of global ... Continue reading

AntarcticaandClimateChange

Was Popeye Wrong?

SpinachWhen you think of Popeye the Sailor what is the first thing that comes to your mind? It is probably spinach. Popeye used to get extraordinary strength as soon as he munched down a can of spinach. Why was that?

In 1930's, when this cartoon character was invented, people believed that spinach contained amazing amounts of iron, a mineral metal that gives strength and endurance. The problem was that Dr. Wolfe, a German scientist who determined the nutritional value of spinach in 1890's, made a mistake by a factor of ten! All those years people believed that spinach had ten times more iron that it actually does. Ironically, we now know that the iron in spinach is locked up with oxalic acid and can't be used by the body. In addition, spinach contains phytate, a chemical that prevents iron from entering the bloodstream. So, spinach is actually an iron-blocker!

Does this mean that all those wonderful Popeye cartoons are sending the wrong message to kids about the importance of eating spinach? … Not at all! It turns out that the message is truer today than ever. We now know that spinach contains carotenoids, including beta-carotene (which may protect from some types of cancer) and lutein (which is good for healthy eyes). It also contains quercetin, a phytochemical with antioxidant properties; which ensures healthy lung formation in children. Spinach is also rich in vitamins and minerals, folic acid, vitamin K, etc. Just one cup of spinach has about 100% of US recommended daily intake of vitamin A which is great at boosting one's immune system.