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Haleakala Crater

Modern geology indicates that the Hawaiian Islands are situated near the middle of the Pacific Plate, one of a dozen thin, rigid structures covering our planet like the cracked shell of an egg. Though adjoining each other, these plates are in constant slow motion, the Pacific Plate moving northwestward several centimeters per year. Scattered around ...

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HaleakalaCrater
Geology

Distant Mountains Influence River Levels 50 Years Later

Rainfall in the mountains has a major influence on nearby river levels, and its effects can be seen as much as 50 years after the rain has fallen, according to hydrologists funded by the National ... Continue reading

RiverLevels
Engineering

Nothing Backwards About It

Almost anyone who's seen a picture of the experimental X-29 aircraft will remember it. Its unique wings make it one of the most distinctive aircraft designs ever. Rather than sticking straight out or ... Continue reading

NothingBackwardsAboutIt
Science

The Wright Sister

When you think of airplanes, you may think of Wilbur and Orville Wright. Their early experiments led to the first manned airplane flight 100 years ago. There's another member of the Wright family, ... Continue reading

TheWrightSister
Geology

White Sands National Monument

At the northern end of the Chihuahuan Desert lies a mountain ringed valley called the Tularosa Basin. Rising from the heart of this basin is one of the world's great natural wonders - the glistening ... Continue reading

WhiteSandsNationalMonument

Billions and Billions

BillionsBillionsNobody really knows how many brain cells anybody has, but typical estimates are around 200 billion. You've heard the late Carl Sagan talk about 'billions and billions of stars' in the universe. Think about this. Each brain cell has many connections with many other brain cells, by way of multi-branching dendrites and axons, communicating across a mind-bogglingly large number of synapses.

How many? If each brain cell connected once to each of the others, that would be 4 with 22 zeros after it, a number so large that it would put Sagan and his billions of stars to shame. One well-known researcher has even asserted that a single human brain has more potential connections than the number of atoms in the universe. Is that really true? In mathematical terms, yes. However, since each connection depends on many atoms, there's no way that such a huge potential could be realized, even in theory. But suffice it to say that the human brain has a vast potential for thinking and learning.